There are 13 essential vitamins that the body needs and they are broken into two types: water and fat soluble. Vitamins are organic substances required for normal cell function, growth and development. Water-soluble vitamins travel freely through the body, are absorbed directly by cells and excess amounts are usually excreted by the kidneys through urine. These vitamins should be taken in frequent and small doses. They are not as likely as fat soluble vitamins to reach toxic levels. Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body’s cells and are not excreted as easily as water-soluble vitamins. They do not need to be taken as often but adequate amounts are needed. Taking too much can be toxic. They bind to fat in the stomach and are then stored in the liver for later use.
VITAMIN K
Phylloquinone
Menadione
Fat soluble
Best plant food sources
Fruits: prunes
Vegetables: asparagus, cabbage family (broccoli, cabbage), dark leafy greens (chard, kale, parsley, spinach), sprouts
Grains: wheat bran
Oils: canola oil, olive oil, soybean oil
Other: bacterial synthesis in digestive tract
Function in the body
Used in blood clotting by activating proteins and calcium
Needed for bone health
Health benefits
May help prevent hip fractures
Symptoms of deficiency
Bruising
Bleeding
Nosebleeds
Heavy menstrual periods
Anemia
Other notes
Intestinal bacteria make a form of vitamin K that accounts for half your requirements
If you take an anticoagulant, keep your vitamin K intake consistent
Birth control pills plus K supplementation can equal unwanted clots